Fondazione GRINS
Growing Resilient,
Inclusive and Sustainable
Galleria Ugo Bassi 1, 40121, Bologna, IT
C.F/P.IVA 91451720378
Finanziato dal Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza (PNRR), Missione 4 (Infrastruttura e ricerca), Componente 2 (Dalla Ricerca all’Impresa), Investimento 1.3 (Partnership Estese), Tematica 9 (Sostenibilità economica e finanziaria di sistemi e territori).



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Understanding the spatial distribution of air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (), is crucial for assessing environmental and health impacts, particularly in densely populated and industrialized regions. This paper introduces a novel method for estimating multiple spatial quantiles, ensuring the monotonicity of the resulting estimates. The proposed model builds upon recent advancements in quantile regression and incorporates physical information of the phenomenon under analysis to address the challenges posed by anisotropy, non-stationarity, and skewness, typically observed in environmental data. For instance, in the study of air pollutants concentration, the model permits the inclusion of information concerning air circulation, and in particular the physics of wind streams, which strongly influences the pollutant concentration. Moreover, the monotone estimation of the quantile maps yields a fully nonparametric reconstruction of the pollutant probability density function, at any spatial location. This in turn enables the construction of probability maps that quantify the likelihood of exceeding regulatory thresholds set by policymakers, offering valuable information for environmental monitoring policies, aimed at mitigating the adverse effects of air pollution.
AKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This study was funded by the European Union - NextGenerationEU, in the framework of the GRINS - Growing Resilient, INclusive and Sustainable project (GRINS PE00000018). The views and opinions expressed are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union, nor can the European Union be held responsible for them.
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